Clasificare agenti biologici

Definitie agenti biologici:

a) agenti biologici – microorganisme, inclusiv microorganismele modificate genetic, culturile celulare si endoparazitii umani, care sunt susceptibile sa provoace infectie, alergie sau intoxicatie;

b) cultura celulara – cresterea in vitro a celulelor izolate din organisme multicelulare;

c) microorganism – o entitate microbiologica, celulara sau nu, capabila sa se reproduca sau sa transfere material genetic.

Agentii biologici sunt clasificati in Hotararea nr. 1092 din 16/08/2006 privind protectia lucratorilor impotriva riscurilor legate de expunerea la agenti biologici in munca.

Prezenta hotarare face referire la obligatia unor categorii de agenti economici care au obligatia evaluarii de risc biologic:

1. Activitati in instalatiile de productie alimentara

2. Activitati in agricultura

3. Activitati profesionale in care exista contact cu animale si/sau produse de origine animala

4. Activitati in serviciile de sanatate, inclusiv in unitatile de izolare si examinare post-mortem

5. Activitati in laboratoare clinice, veterinare si de diagnostic, excluzand laboratoarele microbiologice de diagnostic

6. Activitati in instalatiile de eliminare a deseurilor

7. Activitati in instalatiile de epurare a apelor uzate.

Servicii medicale si veterinare, altele decat laboratoarele de diagnostic Art. 31 –

(1) Serviciile medicale si veterinare, altele decat laboratoarele de diagnostic, in vederea evaluarii riscurilor profesionale, trebuie sa aiba in vedere in mod deosebit:

a) incertitudinile legate de prezenta agentilor biologici in organismul pacientilor sau al animalelor, precum si in probele sau produsele biologice care rezulta de la acestia;

b) pericolul pe care il constituie agentii biologici care sunt sau ar putea fi prezenti in organismul pacientilor ori la animale, precum si in probele prelevate de la acestia;

c) riscurile inerente datorate naturii activitatii.

(2) In serviciile medicale si veterinare angajatorii trebuie sa ia masurile corespunzatoare pentru a asigura protectia sanitara si securitatea lucratorilor respectivi.

(3) Masurile care trebuie luate in serviciile medicale si veterinare cuprind:

a) specificarea procedeelor corespunzatoare de decontaminare si de dezinfectie;

b) punerea in practica a procedeelor care permit manipularea si eliminarea fara riscuri a deseurilor contaminate.

Art. 32. – In serviciile de izolare sau in sectiile de carantina unde se gasesc pacienti umani ori animale care sunt sau ar putea fi contaminati cu agenti biologici din grupele 3 si 4 angajatorul trebuie sa aleaga masuri de izolare dintre cele prezentate in coloana A din anexa nr. 5, in scopul reducerii la minimum a riscului de infectie.

Agentii biologici sunt clasificati in 4 grupe de risc, in functie de importanta riscului de infectie pe care il prezinta:

a) grupa 1 – agenti biologici care nu sunt susceptibili sa provoace o boala la om;

b) grupa 2 – agenti biologici care pot provoca o boala omului si constituie un pericol pentru lucratori; propagarea lor in colectivitate este improbabila; exista, in general, o profilaxie sau un tratament eficace;

c) grupa 3 – agenti biologici care pot provoca imbolnaviri grave la om si constituie un pericol serios pentru lucratori; ei pot prezenta un risc de propagare in colectivitate, dar exista in general o profilaxie sau un tratament eficace;

d) grupa 4 – agenti biologici care pot provoca boli grave omului si constituie un pericol serios pentru lucratori; ei pot sa prezinte un risc ridicat de propagare in colectivitate si nu exista in general o profilaxie sau un tratament eficace.

SOLICITA OFERTA Evaluare de riscuri biologice 

 Riscurile Biologice se manifesta in toate unitatile de prestari servicii medicale (umane si animale)

 Riscurile Biologice se manifesta in toate unitatile cu aglomerari de persoane (sali de fitness, teatre, restaurante, muzee, etc)

BACTERII si organisme inrudite

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Actinomadura madurae

Actinomadura pelletier

Actinomyces gereneseriae

Actinomyces israelii

Actinomyces pyogenes

Actinomyces spp.

Arcanobacterium haemolyticum (Corynebacterium haemolyticum)

Bacillus anthracis

Bactero ides fragilis

Bartonella baciliformis

Bartonella quintana (Rochalimaea quintana)

Bartonella (Rhochalimaea) spp.

Bordetella bronchiseptica

Bordetella parapertussis

Bordetella pertussis

Borrelia burgdorferi

Borrelia duttonii

Borrelia recurrentis

Borrelia spp.

Brucella abortus

Brucella canis

Brucella melitensis

Brucella suis

Burkholderia mallei (Pseudomonas mallei)

Burkholderia pseudomallei (Pseudomonas pseudomallei)

Campylobacter fetus

Campylobacter jejuni

Campylobacter spp.

Cardiobacterium hominis

Chlamydia pneumoniae

Chlamydia trachomatis

Chlamydia psittaci (tulpini aviare)

Chlamydia psittaci (tulpini neaviare)

Clostridium botulinum

Clostridium perfringens

Clostridium tetani

Clostridium spp.

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Corynebacterium minutissimum

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Corynebacterium spp.

Coxiella burnetii

Edwardsiella tarda

Ehrlichia sennetsu (Rickettsia sennetsu)

Ehrlichia spp.

Eikenella corrodens

Enterobacter aerogenes/cloacae

Enterobacter spp.

Enterococcus spp.

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Escherichia coli (cu exceptia tulpinilor nepatogene)

Escherichia coli, tulpini citotoxice (de exemplu, 0157:H7 sau 013)

Flavobacterium meningosepticum

Fluoribacter boiemanac (Legionella)

Francisella tularensis (tip A)

Francisella tularensis (tip B)

Fusobacterium necrophorun

Gardnerella vaginalis

Haemophilus ducreyi

Haemophilus influenzae

Haemophilus spp.

Helicobacter pylori

Klebsiella axytoca

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Klebsiella spp.

Legionella pneumophila

Legionella spp.

Leptospira interrogans (toate serotipurile)

Listeria monocytogenes

Listeria ivanovii

Morganella morganii

Mycobacterium africanum

Mycobacterium avium/intracellulare

Mycobacterium bovis (cu exceptia tulpinii BCG)

Mycobacterium chelonae

Mycobacterium fortuitum

Mycobacterium kansasii

Mycobacterium leprae

Mycobacterium malmoense

Mycobacterium marinum

Mycobacterium microti

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

Mycobacterium scrofulaceum

Mycobacterium simiae

Mycobacterium szulgai

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mycobacterium ulcerans

Mycobacterium xenopi

Mycoplasma caviae

Mycoplasma hominis

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Neisseria gonorrhocae

Neisseria meningitidis

Nocardia asteroides

Nocardia brasiliensis

Nocardia farcinica

Nocardia nova

Nocardia otitidiscavianum

Pasteurella multocida

Pasteurella spp.

Peptostreptococcus anaerobius

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Porphyromonas spp.

Prevotella spp.

Proteus mirabilis

Proteus penner

Proteus vulgaris

Providencia alcalifaciens

Providencia retiger

Providencia spp.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Rhodococcus equi

Rickettsia akari

Rickettsia canada

Rickettsia conorii

Rickettsia montana

Rickettsia typhi (Rickettsia mooseri)

Rickettsia prowazekii

Rickettsia rickettsii

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

Rickettsia spp.

Salmonella arizonae

Salmonella enteritidis

Salmonella typhimurium

Salmonella paratyphi A, B, C

Salmonella typhi

Salmonella (alte varietati serologice)

Serpulina spp.

Shigella boydii

Shigella dysenteriae (tip 1)

Shigella dysenteriae (alt tip decat tipul 1)

Shigella flexneri

Shigella sonnei

Staphylococcus aureus

Streptobacillus moniliformis

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pyogenes

Streptococcus suis

Streptococcus spp.

Treponema carateum

Treponema pallidum

Treponema pertenue

Treponema spp.

Vibrio cholerae (inclusiv El Tor)

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Vibrio spp.

Yersinia enterocolitica

Yersinia pestis

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Yersinia spp.

VIRUSURI

Adenoviridae

Arenaviridae

Complexul coriomeningitei limfocitare-Lassa (arenavirusul lumii vechi):

• Virusul Lassa
• Virusul coriomeningitei limfocitare (tulpini neurotrope)
• Virusul coriomeningitei limfocitare (alte tulpini)
• Virusul Mpoeia
• Alte complexe ale coriomeningitei limfocitare-Lassa

Complexul Tacaribe (arenavirusul lumii noi):

• Virusul Guanarito
• Virusul Junin
• Virusul Sabia
• Virusul Machupo
• Virusul Flexal
• Alte complexe Tacaribe

Astroviridae

Bunyaviridae

Belgrade (numit de asemenea Dobrava)

Bhanja

Virusul Buniamwera

Germiston

Virusul Oropouche

Sin Nombre (numit in trecut Muerto Canion)

Virusul encefalitei de California

Hantavirusuri:

• Hantaan (febra hemoragica de Coreea)
• Seul (Virus)
• Puumala-Virus
• Prospect Hill-Virus
• Alte hantavirusuri

Nairo virusuri:

• Virusul febrei hemoragice de Crimeea (Congo)
• Virusul Hazara

Flebovirusuri:

• Febra din valea Rift
• Febra transmisa prin flebotomi
• Virusul Toscana
• Alte bunyavirusuri patogene

Caliciviridae

• Virusul hepatitei E
• Virusul Nonvalk
• Alte caliciviridae

Coronaviridae

Filoviridae

• Virusul Ebola
• Virusul Marbourg

Flaviviridae

• Encefalita din Australia (encefalita din valea Murray)
• Virusul encefalitei transmise de capuse din Europa Centrala
• Absettarov
• Hanyalova
• Hypr
• Kumlinge
• Virusul denga, de tip 1, 2, 3, 4
• Virusul hepatitei C
• Virusul hepatitei G
• Encefalita japoneza de tip B
• Padurea Kyasanur
• Louping ill
• Omsk(a)
• Powassan
• Rocio
• Encefalita rusa de primavara-vara (TBE) (a)
• Encefalita din Saint-Louis
• Virusul Wesselsbron
• Virusul vaii Nilului
• Febra galbena
• Alte flavivirusuri cunoscute ca patogene

Hepatdnaviridae

• Virusul hepatitei B
• Virusul hepatitei D (delta) (b)

Herpesviridae

• Citomegalovirus
• Virusul Epstein-Barr
• Virusul herpetic simian
• Herpes simplex virus, tipurile 1 si 2
• Virusul varicela – zoster
• Virusul limfotrop B uman (HBLV-HHV6)
• Virusul herpetic uman 7
• Virusul herpetic uman 8

Orthomyxoviridae

• Virusuri gripale, tipurile A, B si C
• Orthomyxoviridae transmise de capuse: virusul Dhori si Thogoto

Papovaridae

• Virusul BK si JC
• Virusul Papilloma uman

Paramyxoviridae

Virusul rujeolic

Virusul urlian

Virusul bolii Newcastle

Virusuri para-gripale, tipurile 1, 2, 3 si 4

Virusul respirator sincitial

Parvoviridae

• Parvovirusul uman (B 19)

Picornaviridae

• Virusul conjunctivitei hemoragice (AHC)
• Virusul Coxsackie
• Virusul ECHO
• Virusul hepatitei A (enterovirus uman, tip 72)
• Virusul poliomielitei
• Rhinovirus

Poxviridae

• Poxvirusul bivolilor (e)
• Virusul nodulilor mulgatorilor
• Poxvirusul elefantilor (f)
• Virusul modulului capusei
• Virusul Molluscum contagiosum
• Poxvirusul maimutelor
• Virusul Orf 2 Poxvirusul iepurilor (g)
• Virusul Vaccinia
• Virusul variolei (major si minor)
• Virusul Whitepox (virusul variolei)
• Yatapox virus (Tana si Yaba)

Reoviridae

• Coltivirus
• Rotavirus uman
• Orbivirus
• Reovirus

Retroviridae

• Virusul imunodeficientei umane
• Virusul uman cu tropism pentru limfocitele T (HTLV), tip 1 si 2
• Virusul SIV (h)

Rhabdoviridae

• Virusul turbarii
• Virusul stomatitei veziculoase

Togaviridae

Alfavirus

• Encefalomielita ecvina est-americana
• Virusul Bebaru
• Virusul Chikungunya
• Virusul Everglades
• Virusul Mayaro
• Virusul Mucambu
• Virusul Ndumu
• Virusul O’nyong-nyong
• Virusul raului Ross
• Virusul padurii Semliki
• Virusul Sindbis
• Virusul Tonate
• Encefalomielita ecvina venezueleana
• Encefalomielita ecvina vest-americana
• Alte alfavirusuri cunoscute

Rubivirus (rubeola)

Toroviridae

Virusuri neclasificate

• Morbilivirus ecvin
• Virusuri ale hepatitei neidentificate inca

Agenti neclasificati asociati cu encefalopatiile spongiforme transmisibile (EST)

• Maladia Creutzfeldt-Jakob
• Varianta a maladiei Creutzfeldt-Jakob
• Encefalopatia spongiforma bovina (ESB) si alte EST animale (i)
• Sindromul Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker
• Kuru

PARAZITI

Acanthamoeba castellani

Ancylostoma duodenale

Angiostrongylus cantonensis

Angiostrongylus costaricensis

Ascaris lumbricoides

Ascaris suum

Babesia divergens

Babesia microti

Balantidium coli

Brugia malayi

Brugia pahangi

Capillaria philippinensis

Capillaria spp.

Clonorchis sinensis

Clonorchis viverrini

Cryptosporidium parvum

Cryptosporidium spp.

Cyclospora cayetanensis

Dipetalonema streptocerca

Diphyllobothrium latum

Dracunculus medinensis

Echinococcus granulosus

Echinococcus multilocularis

Echinococcus vogeli

Entamoeba histolytica

Fasciola gigantica

Fasciola hepatica

Fasciolopsis buski

Giardia lamblia (Giardia intestinalis)

Hymenolepis diminuta

Hymenolepis nana

Leishmania brasiliensis

Leishmania donovani

Leishmania ethiopica

Leishmania mexicana

Leishmania peruviana

Leishmania tropica

Leishmania major

Leishmania spp.

Lea lea

Mansonella ozzardi

Mansonella persians

Naegleria fowleri

Necator americanus

Onchocerca volvulus

Opistorchis felineus

Opistorchis spp.

Paragonimus westermani

Plasmodium falciparum

Plasmodium spp. (uman si simian)

Sarcocystis suihominis

Schistosoma haematobium

Schistosoma intercalatum

Schistosoma japonicum

Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosoma mekongi

Strongyloides stercoralis

Strongyloides spp.

Taenia saginata

Taenia solium

Toxocara canis

Toxoplasma gondii

Trichinella spiralis

Trichuris trichiura

Trypanosoma brucei brucei

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

Tryponosoma brucei rhodesiense

Trypanosoma cruzi

Wuchereria bancrofti[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section]

Aspergillus fumigatus

Blastomyces dermatitidis (Ajellomyces dermatitidis)

Candida albicans

Candida tropicalis

Cladophialophora bantiana (denumirea veche: Xylohypha bantiana, Cladosporium bantianum sau trichoides)

Coccidioides immitis

Cryptococcus neoformans var. neofonnans (Filobasidiella neofonnans var. neoformans)

Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (Filobasidiella bacillispora)

Emmonsia parva var. parva

Emmonsia parva var. crescens

Epidennophyton floccosum

Fonsecaea compacta

Fonsecaea pedrosoi

Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum (Ajellomyces capsulatus)

Histoplasma capsulatum duboisii

Madurella grisea 2 Microsporum spp.

Neotestudina rosatii

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Penicillum marneffei

Scedosporium apiospennum (Pseudallescheria boydii)

Scedosporium prolificans (inflatum)

Sporothrix schenckii

Trychophyton rubrum

Trychophyton spp

Comanda acum Evaluarea riscurilor biologici pentru a preveni aparitia unor boli grave cat si a infectiilor nozocomiale.